Salmonella bacteria cause much of the food poisoning in the world, including an estimated 1,400,000 cases of salmonellosis in the United States each year. See J. Lindsey, “Chronic Sequellae of Foodborne Disease,” Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. Salmonella What is Salmonella?. Salmonella was named after Daniel Elmer Salmon (1850–1914), an American veterinary surgeon. In addition, “the elderly are far more susceptible to death from Salmonella infections than the general population.” Id. Persons with severe diarrhea often require re-hydration, usually with intravenous fluids. The resulting joint pain and inflammation can resolve completely over time or permanent joint damage can occur. 30-35, at 32, Summer-Fall, 2002. Serotyping is done by mixing cells with antibodies for a particular antigen. Taylor, in Encyclopedia of Grain Science, 2004. 3, No. Antibiotics are not necessary or indicated unless the infection spreads from the intestines, and then it can be treated with ampicillin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, or ciprofloxacin. Unfortunately, some Salmonella bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics, largely as a result of the use of antibiotics to promote the growth of feed animals. Many raw foods of animal origin are frequently contaminated, but thorough cooking kills Salmonella. Salmonellae are also able to breach the intestinal barrier via The AvrA toxin injected by the SPI1 type III secretion system of This article is about the bacteria. Several bacteria, including Salmonella, induce septic arthritis. Once in the lumen of the small intestine, the bacteria penetrate the epithelium, multiply, and enter the blood within 24 to 72 hours. It can give some idea about risk. 25, Issue 2, pp. "The Enterobacteria", ASM Press.§ 6 and § 7 of the German law on infectious disease prevention, The food handler who neglects to thoroughly wash his or her hands with soap and warm water after using the bathroom may contaminate foods that have otherwise been properly prepared. Ø Salmonella comes from poop of people & pets who already have Salmonella in their intestine. Infants, the elderly, individuals hospitalized, and the immune-suppressed are the populations that are the most susceptible to disease and suffer the most severe symptoms. Reiter’s Syndrome is a special form of reactive arthritis, autoimmune disorder triggered by the Salmonella infection. Id. This triad of symptoms is called Reiter’s Syndrome.
Medical treatment is acutely important if the patient becomes severely dehydrated or if the infection spreads from the intestines. The organisms enter through the digestive tract and must be ingested in large numbers to cause disease in healthy adults. So you can find Salmonella The acute symptoms of Salmonella gastroenteritis include the sudden onset of nausea, abdominal cramping, and bloody diarrhea with mucous. Contaminated foods are often of animal origin, such as beef, poultry, milk, or eggs, but all foods, including vegetables, may become contaminated. Munksgaard, Kopenhagen, 1941Janda JM, Abbott SL (2006). Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped (bacillus) Gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae.The two species of Salmonella are Salmonella enterica and Salmonella bongori. J.R.N. “The majority of persons infected with Salmonella have diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 12-72 hours after exposure. An infection can only begin after living salmonellae (not merely While in developed countries, nontyphoidal serotypes present mostly as gastrointestinal disease, in sub-Saharan Africa, these serotypes can create a major problem in bloodstream infections, and are the most commonly isolated bacteria from the blood of those presenting with fever. 4, Oct-Dec, 1997. For the disease caused by such bacteria, see F. Kauffmann: Die Bakteriologie der Salmonella-Gruppe. Salmonella is an enteric bacterium, which means that it lives in the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals, including birds. It occurs in persons with a genetic predisposition and can last for a year or more. In a small number of persons, the joint inflammation is accompanied by conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eyes), and uveitis (painful urination). A variety of vegetables and sprouts may also have salmonella. Id. “Although younger individuals usually face far higher infection rates from these pathogens, older adults are more likely to have more severe complications.” See J. Busby, “Older Adults at Risk of Complications from Microbial Foodborne Illness,” Food Review, Vol. It may be several months, however, before their susceptibility to diarrhea and gastrointestinal distress disappears.
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